Breed Profile: Akita

Drawings and other artifacts dating back more than 3,000 years document the existence of a wolf-spitz dog throughout Asia. This early domesticated dog evolved into several different breeds, including the chow chow, elkhound, and the Akita. Named for the Akita prefecture in northern Japan, the Akia is the largest breed of native Japanese dog. Originally developed as a fighting dog, it became a hunting dog for large game after the sport of dogfighting fell out of favor. At one time, only Japanese royalty could own Akitas, and the dog’s care and training were heavily ritualized. Today, the Akita still carries a spiritual significance in Japan: when a child is born, the family often receives a small Akita statue that symbolizes health and happiness. Also, an Akita statue given to a person who is ill signifies a wish for a swift recovery.

Credit for bringing the breed to the United States is attributed to Helen Keller, who imported the first Akita in 1937. The breed’s popularity in the United States increased following World War II, when American occupational forces in Japan became impressed with the breed and brought Akitas home to their families. The Akita was recognized officially by the American Kennel Club in 1972.

The following description is of an “ideal” Akita. Not all Akitas will fit the description exactly, but that’s not an issue unless you want one who can participate in dog shows.

Akita temperaments vary from dog to dog, but most are highly intelligent and loyal to their owners. Many have aggressive tendencies toward other dogs—particularly those of the same sex—but generally are not aggressive toward humans. They are both affectionate with and protective of their owners but are more reserved around strangers.

Here are some traits to consider when determining how well an Akita is going to fit in with you and your family.

Despite their large frames and working-dog traits, Akitas have been bred for centuries as companion dogs. They exhibit powerful devotion and loyalty to their human families and treat them with gentleness and affection. However, Akitas have natural guard-dog tendencies and will vigorously protect their home territory, possessions, and loved ones. Within their own homes and with proper socialization, Akitas can get along well with children and other pets. However, they tend to get along best with children in their own family and may not tolerate the presence of dogs of the same sex unless the other dogs are clearly in a submissive role. Never leave small children alone with an Akita or any other breed of dog.

Akitas are large dogs who may not always be suited for small homes, but they can do well in an apartment as long as they get sufficient exercise. As Akitas form strong connections to their family, they will want to be around them all the time. This quality makes them a poor fit in homes where their owners are frequently absent.

Akitas require at least a moderate amount of exercise to maintain their health, prevent obesity, and to serve as an outlet for their energy. A secure fenced yard or exercise pen is ideal to provide a safe outdoor environment for your Akita to run and play in off leash.

Akitas are intelligent dogs, but they also have an independent streak that can make them stubborn and more difficult to train than other breeds. They respond best to short, fun training sessions that will keep them entertained, as well as to positive reinforcement, which utilizes rewards and praise to keep them motivated. They also are very clean animals who can be housetrained quickly—sometimes in just a matter of weeks.