Breed Profile: Pug

The pug breed originated in China and was treasured and pampered by Chinese royalty. Buddhist monks in Tibetan monasteries favored pugs as pets. It is unknown exactly how old the breed is, but there are references to pug-like dogs dating back to 400 BCE. Several theories exist as to how the pug first made its way to the West. The most likely scenario is that pugs were brought to Holland by Dutch or Portuguese merchants who traded in China. Prince William of Orange is credited with bringing the pug from Holland to England in 1688.

The first pugs to reach the United States were imported from England, and the first records of pugs competing in North American dog shows date back to 1879. The breed was officially recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1885. Since then, the popularity of the pug has fluctuated, but it is currently a popular breed in the United States.

The following description is of an “ideal” pug. Not all pugs fit the description exactly, but that’s not an issue unless you want one who can participate in dog shows.

The pug has one of the most delightful temperaments in the dog world, even if his face often appears to express concern. A pug revels in being the center of attention and does almost anything to get it—often with comical results.

Here are some traits to consider when determining how well a pug is going to fit in with you and your family.

The pug adores people and requires a lot of attention from humans. A pug loves to spend every waking—and sleeping—moment with his owner. In return for your devotion, the pug lets you know that you are the most important person on the planet. The breed also gets along very well with children, although younger kids should always be supervised around them, and all children should know the proper way to interact with and handle them.

Given the pug’s need for attention, the breed does best in a home where a family member is available for most of the day. As long as someone is around to supply treats and to cuddle, the pug is happy. He is definitely an indoor dog and is not suited for high humidity or extreme heat or cold. Also, because the breed sheds heavily, people with allergies or who prefer their homes spotlessly clean should think carefully before choosing a pug.

The pug does not require as much exercise as a larger breed would, but some daily exercise is still important for maintaining its health and happiness. A walk around the block twice a day is enough to keep your pug content, but be careful of the temperature. Pugs are always ready for a game and can get their exercise indoors, but overheating remains a danger. Make sure that he has access to drinking water at all times and doesn’t become overheated when exercising.

A pug responds well to rewards and praise and does his best to please you. Begin teaching basic commands when he first joins your family, but remember to be patient and have fun. If you act like training is a chore, your pug will pick up on it and not want to do it. Also, the pug tends to be stubborn, and if he feels pressured or forced to do something, nothing will get accomplished.